Uyini umshini we-punch press?
I-punch press wumshini wokucindezela. Ukugxiviza isitembu kuya ngokuya kusetshenziswa ngenxa yezinzuzo zako ngaphezu komshini ovamile, ohlanganisa ukonga impahla namandla, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, izidingo zekhono lomsebenzisi eliphansi, kanye nekhono lokudala imikhiqizo engenzeki ngokucubungula ngokusetshenziswa kwemishini ehlukahlukene.
Ukunyathela ngokuyinhloko kuqondiswe eshidini lensimbi. Ngokusebenzisa i-dies, ingaveza ukuvala, ukubhoboza, ukubumba, ukudweba, ukuphungula, ukucwebezela{1}ukungasho lutho, ukubumba, ukugoba, kanye nokukhipha, phakathi kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza. Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza zihlanganisa amaswishi, amasokhethi, izinkomishi, amakhabethe, amapuleti, amakesi ekhompyutha, izinto zasendlini, nezinto zasekhishini.
Isimiso Sokusebenza
Umgomo wokuklama we-punch press ukuguqula ukunyakaza okuyisiyingi kube ukunyakaza okuqondile. Injini eyinhloko ikhiqiza amandla, ishayela i-flywheel, okuthi, ngokusebenzisa i-clutch, ishayele amagiya, i-crankshaft (noma igiya le-eccentric), kanye nezinduku zokuxhuma ukuze kuzuzwe ukunyakaza okuqondile kwesilayidi, kuyilapho ukunyakaza kusuka kumotho eyinhloko kuya endongeni yokuxhuma kuwukunyakaza okuyindilinga. Iphoyinti loshintsho phakathi kokunyakaza okuyisiyingi nomugqa liyadingeka phakathi kwenduku yokuxhuma nesilayida. Ngokuvamile kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezindlela: uhlobo lwebhola-nohlobo lwephini-(cylindrical). Lo mshini uguqula ukunyakaza okuyisiyingi kube ukunyakaza okuqondile kwesilayidi. Umshini wokunyathelisa we-punch usebenzisa ingcindezi kumpahla, ibangele ukuthi ikhubazeke ngokwepulasitiki futhi ifinyelele umumo ofunekayo nokunemba. Ngakho-ke, kudinga isethi yokufa (phezulu nangaphansi) ukubamba okubalulekile phakathi kwabo. Umshini usebenzisa ingcindezi ne-deformation, futhi amandla okusabela akhiqizwa amandla asetshenziswa ezintweni ngesikhathi sokucubungula amuncwa umshini wokunyathelisa we-punch.
Izinhlelo zokusebenza kanye nezici
Imishini yokunyathelisa ye-punch isetshenziswa kakhulu ekugxivizeni nasekwakheni izingxenye ze-hardware zezinto zikagesi, ezokuxhumana, zamakhompiyutha, izinto zasendlini, izinto zasekhishini, ifenisha, izimoto zokuhamba, nezimoto, izithuthuthu namabhayisikili.
1. ⑴ Ukuqina okuphezulu-okuphezulu,{2}}uhlaka olunembe kakhulu, olushiselwe kusuka kumapuleti ensimbi kanye nokushisa{3}}okulashwe ukuze kuqedwe ingcindezi yangaphakathi, kuqinisekisa{4}}ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside ngaphandle kokuguqulwa.
(2) Ukusatshalaliswa komthwalo okufanayo kanye nokuqina okulinganayo ezingxenyeni zesakhiwo.
2. Ukunemba Okuphezulu Okuzinzile: Izingxenye eziyinhloko zomshini, okuhlanganisa i-crankshaft, amagiya, kanye ne-drive shaft, zithola ukwelashwa okuqinile kokushisa futhi azigugi kakhulu{1}}ziyakwazi ukumelana phakathi nokugaya. Lokhu kuqinisekisa{3}}ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside nokunemba okuphezulu nokuzinza.
3. Ukusebenza Okuthembekile Nokuphephile: Umshini usebenzisa inhlanganisela ye-clutch/brake, ehlukile kumabhuleki endabuko futhi inikeza ukuzwela okuphezulu. Kuhlanganiswe nevalvu yokulawula ye-solenoid ekabili kanye nedivayisi yokuvikela ukulayishwa ngokweqile evame ukusetshenziswa ezintweni zokusebenza{2}}ezisezingeni eliphezulu, lokhu kuqinisekisa ukunyakaza okunembile nokuphephile okuphezulu{3}}nokuma kwesilayidi somshini wokunyathelisa.
4. Ukukhiqiza Okuzenzakalelayo, Abasebenzi{1}}Ukonga, kanye Nokusebenza Kahle Kakhulu. I-punch press ingahlonyiswa ngedivayisi yokuphakelayo ezenzakalelayo ehlomeke ukutholwa kwephutha,{3}}ukusika ngaphambili, kanye{4}namadivayisi aphukayo ngaphambili, okunika amandla ukukhiqiza okuzenzakalelayo ngokugcwele ngezindleko eziphansi nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu.
5. Ukulungiswa Kweslayidi: Ukulungiswa kwamaslayidi kuyatholakala kukho kokubili ukulungiselelwa okwenziwa ngesandla nokagesi, kunikeza ukulungiswa okulula, okuthembekile, okuphephile, nokusheshayo ngokunemba okungafika ku-0.1mm.
Punch press classification
Ukwahlukanisa ngamandla okushayela
Amandla okushayela isilayidi angahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: i-mechanical kanye ne-hydraulic. Ukuze kugxivizwe ngeshidi lensimbi evamile, isikhathi esiningi, kusetshenziswa imishini yokunyathelisa ye-punch. Imishini yokunyathelisa ye-hydraulic punch ihlukaniswe ngowoyela-i-hydraulic punch press kanye namanzi{3}}i-hydraulic punch press ngokuya ngoketshezi oluhlukene olusetshenzisiwe. Uwoyela-Imishini yokunyathelisa ye-hydraulic punch iyona esetshenziswa kakhulu, kuyilapho izingqimba zamanzi-ezisebenza nge-hydraulic punch zisetshenziswa kakhulu emishinini emikhulu noma emishinini ekhethekile. Ukuhlelwa ngokunyakaza kwesilayidi. Ngokokunyakaza kwesilayidi, kukhona{9}}isenzo esisodwa,{10}}isenzo, kanye{11}}nokucindezela kwe-punch okuphindwe kathathu. Nokho, esetshenziswa kakhulu ukucindezela{13}}okukodwa kwesenzo ngesilayidi esisodwa. Ukucindezela{15}}okukabili kanye{16}}nesenzo sokuphindaphinda{16}kukathathu kusetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ekucubunguleni imizimba yezimoto nezinto ezinkulu zokusebenza, futhi inombolo yazo incane kakhulu.
Ukuhlelwa ngendlela yokushayela ngesilayidi
(1) I-crank press: I-punch press esebenzisa i-crank mechanism ibizwa ngokuthi i-crank press. Imishini eminingi yokunyathelisa ye-punch isebenzisa lo mshini. Isizathu esenza ukuthi i-crank mechanism isetshenziswe kakhulu ukuthi kulula ukwenza, ingakwazi ukucacisa ngokunembile indawo yokugcina engezansi ye-stroke, futhi ijika lomsebenzi wesilayidi lisebenza ngokuyisisekelo ezinqubweni ezihlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, lolu hlobo lokugxiviza lusebenza ekubetheni, ukugoba, ukwelula, ukubumba okushisayo, ukubumba okufudumele, ukubumba okubandayo, cishe nazo zonke ezinye izinqubo zokubhoboza.
(2) Umshini wokucindezela we-Crankless ubizwa nangokuthi i-eccentric gear press noma i-eccentric gear press. Ukusebenza kwezakhiwo ezimbili ze-crankshaft punch kanye ne-eccentric gear press kukalwa njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuThebula. Isakhiwo se-eccentric gear press siphakeme kunesakhiwo se-crankshaft ngokuya ngokuqina kwe-shaft, ukugcoba, ukubukeka, nokugcinwa. Ububi ukuthi ibiza kakhulu. Uma i-stroke yinde, umshini wokucindezela wegiya we-eccentric unenzuzo kakhulu. Uma i-stroke imfushane, njengokuthi umshini wokubhoboza okhethekile, umshini wokunyathelisa we-crankshaft ungcono. Ngakho-ke, imishini emincane kanye{7}}nomshini wokunyathelisa wejubane eliphezulu nawo usemkhakheni wokucindezela we-crankshaft.
(3) Ukucindezela Iqupha Umshini wokucindezela osebenzisa indlela yequpha kudrayivu yesilayidi ubizwa ngokuthi i-knuckle press. Lolu hlobo lokucindezela kwe-punch lunejika eliyingqayizivele lomsebenzi wesilayidi lapho isivinini sesilayidi sihamba kancane kakhulu eduze nendawo ephansi efile (uma kuqhathaniswa nomshini wokucindezela we-crankshaft). Iphinde inqume ngokunembile indawo ephakathi nendawo efile ye-stroke. Ngakho-ke, lolu hlobo lwe-punch press lufanele ukucubungula ukucindezela njengokugxiviza nokuqeda. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekufongeni okubandayo namuhla.
(4)I-Friction Press: I-punch press esebenzisa i-friction transmission kanye ne-screw mechanism kudrayivu yesitimela ibizwa ngokuthi i-friction press. Lolu hlobo lokucindezelwa kwe-punch lufaneleka kakhulu ekusebenzeni kokubumba nokuchoboza. Ingase futhi isetshenziselwe ukugoba, ukwakha, ukwelula, nokunye ukucubungula. Inomsebenzi-wezinjongo eziningi futhi yayisetshenziswa kabanzi ngaphambi kwempi ngenxa yenani layo eliphansi. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokungakwazi ukunquma indawo yokugcina phansi ye-stroke, ukunemba okungalungile kokucubungula, isivinini sokukhiqiza esihamba kancane, ukulayisha ngokweqile okubangelwa amaphutha okusebenza kokulawula, kanye nesidingo sobuchwepheshe obunekhono, kancane kancane kuyaqedwa namuhla.
(5)I-Screw Press: Indlela yesikulufu isetshenziswa kumshini wesilayidi futhi ibizwa ngokuthi i-screw press (noma i-screw press).
(6)I-Rack Press: I-rack press ileyo esebenzisa i-rack kanye ne-pinion indlela yomshini wesilayidi. Imishini yokunyathelisa ye-screw kanye nama-rack press icishe ibe nezici ezifanayo, futhi izici zayo zicishe zifane nalezo zomshini wokunyathelisa nge-hydraulic. Ngaphambilini, yayisetshenziselwa ukucindezela ama-bushings, ukukhishwa kwemfucumfucu nezinye izinto, ukucindezelwa kukawoyela, ukupakisha, kanye nokukhishwa kwamagobolondo amagobolondo (i-hot press thinning), kodwa manje isithathelwe indawo ngomshini wokunyathelisa we-hydraulic futhi ayisasetshenziswa ngaphandle kwezimo ezikhethekile kakhulu.
